{"id":228061,"date":"2024-08-02T20:53:33","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T13:53:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.collectivewritings.org\/?page_id=228061"},"modified":"2024-08-02T20:53:38","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T13:53:38","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e5%8d%81%e4%b8%89%e7%af%87%e3%80%80%e9%95%bf%e8%80%81%e7%9a%84%e8%a1%8c%e6%94%bf%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%89%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.collectivewritings.org\/?page_id=228061","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

\u674e\u5e38\u53d7\u6587\u96c6\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u3007\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518c<\/h2>\n

\u957f\u8001\u6cbb\u4f1a<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u7bc7\u3000\u957f\u8001\u7684\u884c\u653f\uff08\u4e09\uff09<\/h4>\n

\u8bfb\u7ecf\uff1a\u592a\u4e8c\u516b19\uff0c\u63d0\u540e\u56db2\u30015\uff0c\u6797\u524d\u4e5d16\uff0c\u7ea6\u5341\u516d13\uff0c\u5f92\u516b28\uff0c\u534124\uff0c\u5341\u4e0024\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u4e8c4\uff0c\u8153\u4e005\uff0c\u5f17\u56db12\uff0c\u6797\u540e\u5341\u4e099<\/p>\n

\u58f9\u3000\u5728\u6559\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u80fd\u628a\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5e26\u5230\u914d\u642d\u91cc\u9762\u6765\uff1b\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6765\u770b\u914d\u642d\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff1b\u914d\u642d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u5c31\u662f\u5e26\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u2014\u592a\u4e8c\u516b19\uff0c\u63d0\u540e\u56db5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3000\u4e00\u76f4\u5e26\u9886\uff0c\u914d\u642d\u4ed6\u4eec\u671d\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u65b9\u5411\u53bb\uff1b\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u4e0a\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1b\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u4e0a\u52aa\u529b\uff1b\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u4e0a\u7ed3\u679c\u5b50\uff1b\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u4e0a\u628a\u65b0\u4eba\u5e26\u5230\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6765\uff1b\u6362\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u4e0a\u8981\u4e00\u76f4\u5f00\u5e7f\u4e3b\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u2014\u592a\u4e8c\u516b19\uff0c\u63d0\u540e\u56db5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3000\u4f60\u8981\u770b\u89c1\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u5c31\u6709\u679c\u6548\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u679c\u6548\uff1b\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u6709\u4eba\u5f97\u6551\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5f97\u6551\uff1b\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u8def\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u8bb2\u7a76\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u76fc\u671b\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u2014\u6797\u524d\u4e5d16\uff0c\u63d0\u540e\u56db2\uff0c\u5f92\u5341\u4e0024\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3000\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5e26\u9886\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u4e8b\u4e0a\u6709\u70ed\u5fc3\uff1b\u4e0d\u8bba\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u6559\u4f1a\u662f\u5927\u3001\u662f\u5c0f\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u4eb2\u624b\u57f9\u690d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u2014\u6797\u524d\u4e5d16\uff0c\u63d0\u540e\u56db2\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3000\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5149\u9700\u8981\u6709\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6709\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5723\u7075\u7684\u5145\u6ee1\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u4e3b\u9762\u524d\u6709\u5bf9\u4ed8\u3001\u6709\u5949\u732e\uff0c\u7528\u4fe1\u5fc3\u6765\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3b\u6b7b\u800c\u590d\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5347\u5929\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u5e26\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5723\u7075\u2014\u5f92\u5341\u4e0024\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3000\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5149\u6709\u70ed\u5fc3\u548c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u7406\uff1b\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u8981\u82b1\u5de5\u592b\u6765\u5e26\u9886\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\uff1b\u8981\u6559\u5bfc\u4ed6\u4eec\u61c2\u5f97\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u4f5c\u6094\u6539\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u4f5c\u8d4e\u7f6a\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u4f5c\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u4f5c\u91cd\u751f\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e49\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u4f5c\u5723\u7075\u5728\u7075\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u53eb\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u8d23\u5907\u81ea\u5df1\u2014\u63d0\u524d\u4e8c4\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3000\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u8fd8\u5f97\u5e26\u9886\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u5728\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e0a\u53d7\u5f15\u5bfc\uff1b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e71\u8dd1\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u82b1\u5de5\u592b\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6597\u62f3\u597d\u50cf\u6253\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3b\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u2014\u7ea6\u5341\u516d13\u3002<\/p>\n

5\u3000\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u8d77\u6765\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u4e86\uff0c\u70ed\u5fc3\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u771f\u7406\u3001\u5f15\u5bfc\u90fd\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f20\uff0c\u4ee5\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e3a\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u6765\u5e26\u9886\u2014\u5f92\u534124\u3002<\/p>\n

6\u3000\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5e26\u9886\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u5728\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u82b1\u5de5\u592b\u6765\u6559\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u600e\u6837\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u4e3a\u4eba\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u8bbf\u95ee\u4eba\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u628a\u4eba\u5e26\u5230\u798f\u97f3\u805a\u4f1a\u91cc\u5934\u6765\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u7ea6\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u53bb\u548c\u4eba\u8c08\u798f\u97f3\u2014\u8153\u4e005\u3002<\/p>\n

7\u3000\u6709\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u516d\u70b9\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u9884\u5907\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1b\u8981\u9884\u5907\u5404\u79cd\u6837\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\uff1b\u5927\u672c\u7684\u3001\u5c0f\u672c\u7684\u3001\u65b0\u65e7\u7ea6\u7684\u3001\u65b0\u7ea6\u7684\u3001\u798f\u97f3\u5355\u672c\u7684\uff1b\u6709\u8d35\u91cd\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4fbf\u5b9c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u8981\u5728\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u524d\u9884\u5907\u9f50\u5168\u2014\u5f92\u516b28\u3002<\/p>\n

8\u3000\u8981\u544a\u8bc9\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u8981\u53eb\u4eba\u5f97\u7740\u4e3b\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u53eb\u4eba\u7075\u91cc\u6d3b\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u53eb\u4eba\u7075\u91cc\u5f97\u7740\u91cd\u751f\uff0c\u53eb\u4eba\u5f97\u7740\u4e3b\u4f5c\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u2014\u7ea6\u534110\u3002<\/p>\n

9\u3000\u5f53\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7edf\u7edf\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u8981\u5c55\u5f00\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1b\u8981\u5728\u4f1a\u6240\u91cc\u5f00\u798f\u97f3\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u8981\u5230\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u5bb6\u91cc\u53bb\u4f20\u5bb6\u5ead\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u9a6c\u8def\u4e0a\u6709\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5929\u5929\u5e26\u7740\u5355\u5f20\u51fa\u5165\uff0c\u5728\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u3001\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u7ad9\u3001\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u4e0a\u3001\u5728\u706b\u8f66\u4e0a\u5230\u5904\u6563\u5355\u5f20\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u2014\u5f92\u5341\u4e5d8\u3002<\/p>\n

10\u3000\u5e84\u7a3c\u6210\u719f\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6536\u5272\uff1b\u798f\u97f3\u4f20\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u628a\u4eba\u6536\u5230\u6559\u4f1a\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u8bb2\u7a76\uff1b\u6211\u53ea\u80fd\u70b9\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f20\u8fc7\u798f\u97f3\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u6536\u83b7\u2014\u7ea6\u56db35\u3002<\/p>\n

11\u3000\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u914d\u642d\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u7ad9\u8bb2\u53f0\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u9886\u8bd7\u6b4c\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4f5c\u62db\u5f85\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u966a\u5750\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5206\u53d1\u5355\u5f20\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u5e26\u9886\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u914d\u642d\u8d77\u6765\u2014\u5f92\u5341\u4e9440\u3002<\/p>\n

12\u3000\u672b\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5e26\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\uff0c\u4e3a\u7740\u524d\u9762\u8fd9\u51e0\u9879\u7977\u544a\uff1b\u4e3a\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u672c\u5723\u7ecf\u90fd\u6c42\u4e3b\u795d\u798f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5f20\u5355\u5f20\u4e5f\u6c42\u4e3b\u795d\u798f\u2014\u7f57\u4e009\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d30\u3000\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u9020\u5c31\u4e3a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u914d\u642d\u91cc\u9762\u9020\u5c31\u4ed6\u4eec\u2014\u5f17\u56db12\uff0c\u6797\u540e\u5341\u4e099\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3000\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u5f97\u6551\uff0c\u53d7\u4e86\u6d78\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u5c31\u8981\u7ed9\u4ed6\u521d\u4fe1\u9020\u5c31\uff0c\u53eb\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e9b\u521a\u521a\u5165\u95e8\u7684\u4e8b\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u4eb2\u624b\u6765\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b49\u5019\uff0c\u501a\u9760\u5de5\u4eba\u6765\u4f5c\uff1b\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0b\u624b\u5e26\u9886\u8fd9\u521d\u4fe1\u9020\u5c31\u2014\u5f92\u5341\u56db21~22\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3000\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5e26\u5f97\u6551\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u795e\u9762\u524d\u8fc7\u5949\u732e\u7684\u5173\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u7684\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u5723\u7075\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u5fc3\u91cc\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u800c\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u7684\u5949\u732e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5149\u662f\u8981\u771f\u8bda\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u8981\u5728\u5723\u7075\u91cc\u5934\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u2014\u7f57\u5341\u4e8c1\uff0c\u592a\u56db22\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3000\u5949\u732e\u4e86\u8fd8\u8981\u5e26\u9886\u4ed6\u4eec\u548c\u4e3b\u4ea4\u901a\uff0c\u5e26\u9886\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u600e\u6837\u7977\u544a\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u8bfb\u7ecf\uff1b\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u61c2\u5f97\u600e\u4e48\u5e26\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u53bb\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u4f4d\u5728\u8bfb\u7ecf\u4e0a\u7279\u522b\u80fd\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u6765\uff1b\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5e26\u7740\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u8bfb\u2014\u6797\u524d\u4e009\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u4e8c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3000\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u5e26\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u4eec\u7ecf\u5386\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\uff1b\u8981\u5e26\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u770b\u89c1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e7\u4eba\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u7ed3\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8840\u6c14\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8089\u4f53\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u813e\u6c14\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u96c4\u5fc3\u5927\u5fd7\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u7ed3\u4e86\u2014\u7f57\u516d6\uff0c\u52a0\u4e8c20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3000\u8bb8\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u80fd\u53bb\u8bf7\u4f1a\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u5e2e\u5fd9\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u2014\u5f17\u56db16\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u4e9417\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u804c\u4e8b\u4fe1\u606f\u6458\u5f55\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u914d\u642d\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u798f\u97f3<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u70ed\u5fc3<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u4e3a\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\u7977\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u957f\u8001\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u6709\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u80fd\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u771f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5f15\u5bfc<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u76ee\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u76ee\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6536\u83b7<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u914d\u642d<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u7977\u544a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u9020\u5c31<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u521d\u4fe1\u9020\u5c31<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5949\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u4ea4\u901a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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