{"id":228246,"date":"2024-08-05T21:07:09","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T14:07:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.collectivewritings.org\/?page_id=228246"},"modified":"2024-08-05T21:45:47","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T14:45:47","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e5%8d%81%e7%af%87%e3%80%80%e8%80%b6%e7%a8%a3%e6%98%af%e4%b8%bb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.collectivewritings.org\/?page_id=228246","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

\u674e\u5e38\u53d7\u6587\u96c6\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e94\u4e5d\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518c<\/h2>\n

\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u7bc7\u3000\u8036\u7a23\u662f\u6551\u4e3b<\/h4>\n

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\u58f9\u3000\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u662f\u795e\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\uff0c\u6765\u4f5c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6551\u4e3b\uff1b\u7942\u65e2\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6551\u4e3b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u96be\u5904\u91cc\u6551\u51fa\u6765\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u770b\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u66ff\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u96be\u5904\uff1b\u4eba\u4e09\u5c42\u7684\u96be\u5904\u2014\u7ea6\u56db14\uff5e15\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3000\u4eba\u5916\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u201414\uff5e15\u8282\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3000\u4e03\u3001\u516b\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5230\u53a6\u95e8\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u8bb2\u7ea6\u7ff0\u56db\u7ae0\u91cc\u7684\u6492\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\u5987\u4eba\uff1b\u8bf4\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u5728\u53d9\u52a0\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e95\u65c1\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6492\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\u5987\u4eba\u6765\u6253\u6c34\uff0c\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u5c31\u5411\u5979\u8981\u6c34\u559d\uff1b\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u544a\u8bc9\u5979\uff0c\u4eba\u82e5\u559d\u7942\u6240\u8d50\u7684\u6c34\uff0c\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6e34\uff1b\u5987\u4eba\u5c31\u6c42\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u628a\u8fd9\u6c34\u8d50\u7ed9\u5979\uff0814\uff5e15\uff09\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u9a97\u4eba\u7684\u5b9e\u5728\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e86\u6148\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u5979\u80cc\u540e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u6ca1\u6709\u8d23\u5907\u5979\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f88\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5411\u7942\u8981\u6d3b\u6c34\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4f60\u53bb\u53eb\u4f60\u7684\u4e08\u592b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u6765\u201d\uff0816\uff09\uff1b\u5979\u5374\u6492\u8c0e\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u4e08\u592b\u201d\u201417\u8282\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3000\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u77e5\u9053\u5173\u4e8e\u5979\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4f60\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u4e08\u592b\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u6709\u8fc7\u4e94\u4e2a\u4e08\u592b\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u4e08\u592b\uff0c\u4f60\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u771f\u7684\u201d\uff0817\u4e0b\uff5e18\uff09\uff1b\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4eba\u751f\u6765\u662f\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u5973\u4eba\u5bb6\u653e\u8361\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3000\u82e5\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8ba9\u795e\u5bdf\u9a8c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e0d\u89c4\u77e9\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u4e0d\u89c4\u77e9\u3001\u610f\u5ff5\u4e0d\u89c4\u77e9\u3001\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0d\u89c4\u77e9\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ef\u8bf4\u662f\u70b9\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u2014\u4ee3\u4e0a\u4e8c\u4e5d17\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u96be\u5904\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5916\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u4e5f\u662f\u90aa\u6076\u7684\u2014\u5f92\u5341\u56db15\uff0c\u8bd7\u5341\u4e942\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3000\u6027\u60c5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u96be\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u547d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u6027\u60c5\uff0c\u5c31\u56e0\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u751f\u547d\uff1b\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6027\u60c5\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8054\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u2014\u592a\u4e0318\uff0c\u6797\u540e\u5341\u4e003\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u627f\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u6709\u6bdb\u75c5\uff1b\u800c\u6027\u60c5\u662f\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6709\u6bdb\u75c5\u2014\u592a\u4e0318\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3000\u4ece\u5916\u9762\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u751f\u547d\u3001\u6027\u60c5\u90fd\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\uff1b\u4ece\u91cc\u9762\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u662f\u8d25\u574f\u7684\uff0c\u6027\u60c5\u662f\u90aa\u6076\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u4e86\u2014\u6797\u540e\u5341\u4e003\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d30\u3000\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4eba\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u96be\u5904\uff0c\u7942\u4e0d\u4f46\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7684\u96be\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u6027\u60c5\u4e0a\u3001\u751f\u547d\u91cc\u7684\u96be\u5904\u2014\u5f7c\u524d\u4e8c24\uff0c\u4e0019\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3000\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u6211\u4eec\u7f6a\u7684\u96be\u5904\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u96be\u5904\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u7f6a\u6076\u3001\u8fc7\u9519\u548c\u8fc7\u72af\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f6a\u6076\u5728\u795e\u9762\u524d\u90fd\u6210\u4e86\u7f6a\u6848\uff0c\u53eb\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u795e\u9762\u524d\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0d\u88ab\u5b9a\u7f6a\u2014\u8d5b\u4e94\u4e095\uff5e6\u300110\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3000\u5723\u7ecf\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u7942\u5728\u6728\u5934\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u7942\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u91cc\uff0c\u4eb2\u81ea\u62c5\u5f53\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f6a\u201d\uff08\u5f7c\u524d\u4e8c24\uff09\uff1b\u5f53\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u9489\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u795e\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u4f17\u4eba\u7684\u7f6a\u5b7d\u90fd\u5f52\u5728\u7942\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u795e\u628a\u7942\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u53ea\u8d4e\u7f6a\u7684\u7f94\u7f8a\u2014\u8d5b\u4e94\u4e095\uff5e6\u300110\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f6a\u72af\u539f\u662f\u7f6a\u8be5\u4e07\u6b7b\uff0c\u4f46\u7942\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u66ff\u6211\u4eec\u6b7b\u4e86\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u8be5\u53d7\u795e\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u4f46\u7942\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53d7\u4e86\u5236\u88c1\uff1b\u7942\u5c31\u662f\u5723\u7ecf\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u90a3\u4f4d\u201c\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e0d\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u8981\u5f15\u4f60\u4eec\u5230\u795e\u9762\u524d\u201d\u2014\u5f7c\u524d\u4e0918\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3000\u7942\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5230\u795e\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5f97\u795e\u8d66\u514d\uff0c\u8499\u795e\u60a6\u7eb3\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u795e\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u6069\u5178\u548c\u798f\u6c14\u2014\u8bd7\u5341\u4e5d14\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3000\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u6d41\u51fa\u5b9d\u8840\uff0c\u6d17\u51c0\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f6a\uff1b\u7942\u7684\u5b9d\u8840\u6d41\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5ba3\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u7942\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u66ff\u6211\u4eec\u53d7\u4e86\u795e\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u5211\u7f5a\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u501f\u7740\u7942\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u6b7b\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7f6a\u7684\u96be\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7684\u96be\u5904\u2014\u5f7c\u524d\u4e0019\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3000\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5f53\u7942\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u6b7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7942\u662f\u7a7f\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u9489\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\uff1b\u7f57\u9a6c\u516d\u7ae0\u516d\u8282\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e7\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0e\u7942\u540c\u9489\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u201d\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e7\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e7\u6027\u60c5\uff1b\u5f53\u7942\u9489\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e7\u6027\u60c5\u548c\u7942\u4e00\u540c\u9489\u6b7b\u4e86\u2014\u8bd7\u4e94\u56db2\uff0c\u7f57\u4e0317\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u55dc\u597d\u90fd\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5929\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6212\u9664\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5929\u6027\u6cbb\u6b7b\u2014\u516b13\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3000\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4fe1\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u89c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u4f5c\u6551\u4e3b\uff0c\u4fe1\u9760\u7942\u3001\u7977\u544a\u7942\u3001\u4eb2\u8fd1\u7942\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6076\u4e60\u90fd\u4ece\u8eab\u4e0a\u8131\u843d\u4e86\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u8d8a\u7977\u544a\u8036\u7a23\uff0c\u8fd9\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u5929\u6027\u5c31\u8d8a\u6b7b\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u8d8a\u4eb2\u8fd1\u8036\u7a23\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u55dc\u597d\u5c31\u8d8a\u65ad\u7edd\u2014\u8bd7\u4e94\u56db2\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3000\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4fe1\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\uff0c\u6c42\u544a\u7942\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7942\u5c31\u50cf\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u6ce8\u5c04\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u55dc\u597d\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u6740\u6b7b\u4e86\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7942\u4e0d\u53ea\u89e3\u51b3\u6211\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u89e3\u51b3\u6211\u4eec\u91cc\u9762\u7f6a\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u2014\u7f57\u4e0317\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3000\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u5c42\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u96be\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u547d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u6b7b\u800c\u590d\u6d3b\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u7684\u96be\u5904\u2014\u7ea6\u5341\u4e8c24\uff0c\u7f57\u516b9\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3000\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u53c8\u590d\u6d3b\u4e86\uff1b\u5723\u7ecf\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u7942\u590d\u6d3b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u7942\u91cc\u9762\u90a3\u8363\u8000\u7684\u751f\u547d\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u2014\u7ea6\u5341\u4e8c24\u3002<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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